Body composition differences by age and playing standard in male rugby union and rugby league: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Tom Geeson-Brown  Ben Jones  Kevin Till  Sarah Chantler  Kevin Deighton 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(19):2161-2176

ABSTRACT

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine differences in body compositionn between playing standard and age in male rugby union and rugby league athletes. The MOOSE (Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines for design, implementation, and reporting were followed. Studies were required to be in male rugby union or league and have body composition as the primary or secondary outcome. Data was required to be presented separately for positional groups and body composition presented as whole-body. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and CINHAHL via EBSCOhost. 57 studies were included for meta-analysis. Results highlighted significantly higher fat-free mass in senior elite than senior sub-elite or junior elite athletes for all RU and RL forwards. Small and non-significant differences were found in fat mass between rugby union playing standards and age categories. Rugby league senior elite forwards had less fat mass than junior elite forwards. Practitioners should prioritise training and nutritional strategies that maximise fat-free mass development, especially in junior elite cohorts.  相似文献   

形成性评价在英语教学中的应用研究综述     

张欣宇  刘金梅 《宁波教育学院学报》2014,(5):83-85

在回顾和总结迄今为止国内形成性评价在英语教学中应用研究的基础上,笔者简要勾勒了这一领域的基本发展趋势,从研究方法和多项研究内容等方面分析了其研究现状和存在的主要问题,并为该领域今后的发展方向提出一些建议。  相似文献   

Coeducational and single-sex physical education: students’ situational interest in learning tasks centred on technical skills     

Vanessa Lentillon-Kaestner  Cédric Roure 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2019,24(3):287-300

Background: A student’s choice to engage in a learning task is highly related to the student’s environmental stimuli and his or her perception of interest. From this perspective, the construct of situational interest (SI) has been used to interpret students’ motivation in task engagement. SI is assumed to be transitory, environmentally activated, and context specific. It has been conceptualized as a multidimensional construct with five dimensions: instant enjoyment, exploration intention, attention demand, novelty, and challenge. Few prior studies have compared SI between girls and boys in physical education (PE) contexts, and these studies have offered contrasting findings. They were conducted in coeducational (coed) or single-sex contexts and used learning tasks centred on a variety of outcomes: technical or tactical skills, creativity and cultural understanding.

Purpose: In the context of the debate on single-sex and coed classes in PE, this study aimed to estimate the effects of single-sex and coed PE classes on students’ situational interest (SI) within learning tasks centred on technical skills. The researchers decided to study learning tasks centred on the development of students’ technical skills, since these tasks are often used by teachers in PE.

Participants: The sample consisted of 177 Swiss secondary school students, aged 11–17 years (M?=?14.07, SD?=?1.41, 96 boys, 81 girls).

Data collection: The students completed the French 15-item SI Scale after practising a technical learning task in single-sex and coed PE contexts. The researchers chose five physical activities (i.e. athletics, basketball, dance, gymnastics, and volleyball), which are commonly taught in the state of Vaud (Switzerland) and provide a balance between masculine and feminine activities.

Data analysis: A two-way repeated-measures MANOVA was performed to examine the main and interaction effects of student sex and class sex composition on the five SI dimensions.

Findings: The results showed a main effect of class sex composition on student SI but no main effect of student sex and no interaction effect of student sex and class sex composition. More precisely, the scores for three SI dimensions (i.e. instant enjoyment, exploration intention, and attention demand) were higher in the coed context than in the single-sex context.

Conclusions: This study encourages teachers to propose coed PE classes to enhance students’ motivation and engagement when practising learning tasks centred on technical skills. This study offers supplementary evidence of the teacher’s role in promoting student SI. Beyond accounting for students’ dispositional factors (e.g. sex), PE teachers can significantly impact students’ SI in technical learning tasks through instructional choices.  相似文献   

English in Education: the first fifty years     

John Hodgson  Sarah Wilkin 《English in Education》2014,48(3):196-229

On the fiftieth anniversary of the first publication of English in Education, this article reviews the journal's contribution to research and practice in the teaching of English. A thematic analysis based on close study of a sample of volumes is arranged chronologically (to show the development of ideas and practices) and thematically in terms of language mode (speaking; writing; reading, including new technologies). The article argues that the journal archive can shed light on the educational past in ways that can effectively inform the educational present and help to set agenda for the future.  相似文献   

高职大学英语真实性课程评价方案的设计     

尹衍杰 《邢台职业技术学院学报》2014,(3):11-15

真实性课程评价是近十几年来国际流行的课程评价方式,其能力本位的评价特点,决定其可以在高职大学英语能力培养方面起到重要作用。为实施高职大学英语真实性评价,需要根据高职各专业的英语能力需求,在英语课程评价各个环节进行真实性的设计,其中文化演练部分的评价设计是真实性评价设计的核心。  相似文献   

‘Operating on a Basis of Student Consent’: Peter Medway’s Work in Finding a Language     

Tony Burgess 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2015,22(3):265-268

Written nearly 40 years ago, Peter Medway’s Finding a Language continues to be an arresting read, which offers a powerful vision of what might be possible in education. In this brief introduction, I set the work in context, referring to ideas that Pete engaged with and recalling a little of the times.  相似文献   

非英语专业学生口语自我修订情况调查     

张敏 《重庆第二师范学院学报》2011,24(5):151-153

本文研究非英语专业学生口语自我修订情况,发现大部分学生在口语表达时都有自我修订的习惯,其中包括内容修订和自我纠错。内容修订表明学生在口语表达时逻辑思维能力还需要提高,紧张情绪需要克服。在自我纠错方面,学生对语法错误的纠正多于对词汇和语音错误的纠正,其中,对语音错误的纠正最少。  相似文献   

智能手机时代高职生英语自主学习模式的探析     

李俊梅 《安徽职业技术学院学报》2017,16(1):73-76

智能手机在资源和功能等方面为高职生利用手机自主学习英语提供了条件保障。高职生可以充分利用手机学习英语,提高兴趣,改良习惯,丰富知识,提高技能。在利用手机学习英语时要注意充分发挥自主性,自定目标,自选内容,有效自学,同时利用手机将自主学习与听课衔接起来,加强交互式协作学习。利用手机学习英语要制定切实可行的学习方案,其效果可以通过形成性评价方式进行自测。  相似文献   

Creative Potential within Policy: An Analysis of the 2013 English Literature Curriculum     

Megan Mansworth 《English in Education》2016,50(2):116-129

This article takes as its focus Lefebvre's trialectic of conceived, perceived and lived spaces as a lens through which to scrutinise the 2013 English Literature Curriculum, and to explore the extent to which creative spaces might exist within that curriculum. The article analyses how the curriculum is envisaged by policymakers and how it might be expected to be translated into practice, utilising the wording of the policy document to facilitate an exploration of what its underlying intentions might be. The author's experience of teaching a poem from the new curriculum is used in order to provide illustrative examples of the ways in which teachers’ and learners’ experiences of the curriculum might, in practice, diverge from the direction envisaged by policymakers as teachers negotiate creative spaces within their classrooms.  相似文献   

体育院校英语专业ESP教师发展模式研究          下载免费PDF全文

王卓君 《河北体育学院学报》2017,31(4):55-59

目前体育院校ESP课程尚处于探索发展阶段,其教学改革成效和成败将取决于师资队伍建设.从ESP教师素质能力要求和体育院校ESP师资现状入手,为体育院校英语专业ESP教师发展设计路径.认为可以从四个方面构建ESP教师发展模式:打造多层次复合型专业知识结构;以反思性教学提升教师教学技能;走教学、科研、服务一体化专业实践之路;利用校本资源进行教师发展文化建设.旨在为体育院校ESP教师发展、课程改革乃至体育英语专业的特色化建设提供依据.  相似文献